What is the function of flaps on an aircraft?

Flaps are crucial aerodynamic surfaces located on the wings of an aircraft, primarily used to increase both lift and drag during specific phases of flight, particularly during slow flight and landing. When flaps are extended, they alter the shape of the wing, augmenting the wing’s surface area and the camber (the curve of the wing). This modification allows the wings to generate more lift at lower speeds, which is particularly beneficial when approaching for landing or during takeoff.

The increased drag that occurs with flap deployment also assists in reducing the aircraft's speed, helping to maintain a controllable speed as it descends for landing. Essentially, flaps enable an aircraft to operate safely at slower speeds, which is vital during landing approaches, as they allow for a stable glide path without stalling.

In contrast, the other options highlight functions that do not accurately describe the primary role of flaps. For instance, while reducing drag may be a function of certain flight configurations, flaps generally increase drag to enhance lift at lower speeds. Stabilizing the aircraft in turbulence pertains more to the role of control surfaces like ailerons and rudders, rather than flaps. Lastly, while flaps contribute to controlling flight characteristics during landing, they do not directly control