What effect does a heavier aircraft have on takeoff distance?

A heavier aircraft requires a longer takeoff distance due to the need for more lift and thrust. When an aircraft is heavier, the lift required to become airborne increases proportionally to its weight. Lift is generated by the wings as air flows over them, and a heavier aircraft must reach a higher speed to produce sufficient lift for takeoff.

Additionally, thrust is the force produced by the engines to propel the aircraft forward. A heavier aircraft demands more thrust during the takeoff phase to accelerate to the required takeoff speed. This combination of needing both more lift and more thrust necessitates a longer distance on the runway for a heavier aircraft to reach the necessary speed for takeoff.

This increased distance is influenced by various factors, including the aircraft's weight, design, engine power, and environmental conditions such as altitude and temperature. Understanding this dynamic is crucial for pilots and aviation professionals when calculating takeoff performance and ensuring safety during the flight operations.